[Autoantibodies in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders].

Neuromyelitis optica was previously considered a subtype of multiple sclerosis until a specific serum antibody, NMO-IgG, was discovered in 2004. In 2012, anti-MOG antibody was found specifically in the serum of patients whose presentation was similar to those with neuromyelitis optica. These autoantibodies are pathogenic and are important disease markers when reaching a diagnosis.