[Isolated adenopathy in leishmaniasis due to Leishmania infantum].

INTRODUCTION

Leishmaniasis is rarely manifested by isolated lymphadenitis in the mediterranean area, only 13 cases have been reported.

OBSERVATION: An isolated cervical lymphadenitis was observed in a 37 year-old man living in the north of Tunisia. The fine needle aspiration of the enlarged lymph node found Leishmania in both direct examination and culture. Isoenzymatic typing identified Leishmania infantum MON-1. The evolution was slowly favourable without treatment.

DISCUSSION: Despite the rare number of cases described, looking for leishmaniasis should be systematic when confronted with lymphadenitis in endemic areas. The therapeutic decision depends on the immunological status of the patients and the possibility of regular medical controls.