PloS one · 2026
Rhinovirus/enterovirus contribution to respiratory-associated hospitalizations in adults during respiratory seasons in Spain: A 6-year prospective study.
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Chaves Sandra S, Castells Valérie Bosch, Mira-Iglesias Ainara, Puig-Barberà Joan, López-Labrador F Xavier, Tortajada-Girbés Miguel, Carballido-Fernández Mario, Mollar-Maseres Joan, Schwarz-Chávarri Germán, Díez-Domingo Javier, Orrico-Sánchez Alejandro, Valencia Hospital Network for the Study of Influenza and other Respiratory Viruses (VAHNSI)
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Understanding the burden of acute viral respiratory infection-related hospitalizations is crucial for guiding research and development. Unlike influenza, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), or severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, no pharmaceutical interventions exist for other respiratory viruses; therefore, their impact remains poorly characterized. This study aimed to investigate the association of current non-vaccine-preventable respiratory viruses, especially rhinovirus/enterovirus (RV/EV), on hospitalizations during the respiratory seasons.
METHODS: Data from a prospective study that used multiplex polymerase chain reaction to conduct long-term surveillance on respiratory viruses in Valencia, Spain were analyzed. Patients aged ≥50 years hospitalized due to respiratory illness from 2014-15-2019-20 were included.
RESULTS: Respiratory viruses were detected in 35.2% (3,755/10,675) of hospitalized patients with acute respiratory illness. Influenza and RSV accounted for 22.1% of hospitalizations, RV/EV for 7.6%, and other non-vaccine-preventable viruses for 5.4%. Adults ≥75 years had average seasonal hospitalization incidence rates more than twice those aged 65-74 years and eight times those aged 50-64-year-olds. No significant differences in severity markers were observed among patients with or without virus identified, those aged ≥75 years had a 2-3 times higher mortality rate compared to younger age groups.
CONCLUSIONS: The potential impact of respiratory viruses on hospitalization rates among older adults, particularly those aged ≥75 years, highlights the need for targeted interventions to reduce healthcare system burden. Enhanced diagnostic capabilities and the development of next-generation preventive strategies, including vaccines and therapeutics, could improve patient outcomes and strengthen the resilience of the healthcare system during respiratory virus seasons.
METHODS: Data from a prospective study that used multiplex polymerase chain reaction to conduct long-term surveillance on respiratory viruses in Valencia, Spain were analyzed. Patients aged ≥50 years hospitalized due to respiratory illness from 2014-15-2019-20 were included.
RESULTS: Respiratory viruses were detected in 35.2% (3,755/10,675) of hospitalized patients with acute respiratory illness. Influenza and RSV accounted for 22.1% of hospitalizations, RV/EV for 7.6%, and other non-vaccine-preventable viruses for 5.4%. Adults ≥75 years had average seasonal hospitalization incidence rates more than twice those aged 65-74 years and eight times those aged 50-64-year-olds. No significant differences in severity markers were observed among patients with or without virus identified, those aged ≥75 years had a 2-3 times higher mortality rate compared to younger age groups.
CONCLUSIONS: The potential impact of respiratory viruses on hospitalization rates among older adults, particularly those aged ≥75 years, highlights the need for targeted interventions to reduce healthcare system burden. Enhanced diagnostic capabilities and the development of next-generation preventive strategies, including vaccines and therapeutics, could improve patient outcomes and strengthen the resilience of the healthcare system during respiratory virus seasons.