bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
Overlapping MHC class I/II Epitopes Program cDC1-like Differentiation of Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells via mTORC1 Signaling Inhibition.
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Amanya S B, Murthy A, Bisht N, Bullock Z N, Ernste K J, Vasquez-Perez J, Liu W, Trivedi A, Oyewole-Said D, Paul A, Umokoro L, Akhanov V, Samuel M, Shi Z, Nguyen M H, Huang S, Jeong M, Iakova P, Jain K A, Pham K, Kraushaar D C, Konduri V, Decker W K
Аннотация
Viral infection polarizes monocyte-derived dendritic cells (moDC) to initiate type 1 immunity. The availability of overlapping (homologous) MHC class I and II epitopes, an occurrence frequently and primarily associated with intracellular infection, significantly enhances this process; however, the underlying mechanism(s) are unclear. We demonstrate that moDC loaded with homologous MHC epitopes acquire a cDC1-like phenotype in a process governed by mTORC1. mTORC1 pathway inhibition leads to NF-κB-mediated expression of IL-12 and other type I immune polarizing genes. The observed cDC1-like gene signature was also significantly enhanced in clinical moDC vaccine products made through methodologies that enforced class I and II antigenic homology. Collectively, these findings reveal a novel and previously unrecognized mechanism of immune governance that might also be exploited in cancer immunotherapy.