Alzheimer's & dementia (New York, N. Y.) · 2026
Effects of multidomain intervention on cognitive function in older adults with cognitive impairment: A multicenter, four-arm, cluster randomized trial.
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Yin Zhaoxue, Gao Xin, Yang Huan, Jie Wan, Wang Anqi, Wu Jing
Аннотация
INTRODUCTION: Multidomain lifestyle-based interventions seem to be effective for cognitive improvement but larger trials are limited, especially in China. This study aims to explore whether multi-domain interventions of Baduanjin exercise, the Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) diet, and relaxation training can improve cognitive function in older adults.
METHODS: This is a four-arm cluster randomized trial conducted in 15 centers (counties/districts) in China. A total of 60 communities with 886 older adults with cognitive impairment were randomized to the control group (routine service, RS), and groups B (Baduanjin exercise, plus RS), BM (Baduanjin exercise and MIND diet, plus RS), and BMR (Baduanjin exercise, MIND diet, and relaxation training, plus RS), in a 1:1:1:1 ratio. The intervention lasted for 9 months. The two primary outcomes were an executive function composite and a global cognitive function composite; the secondary outcomes were Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score and six individual tests that comprise the global cognitive function composite.
RESULTS: Among 886 old adults with cognitive impairment at baseline, 801 and 809 participants were followed for 4.5 months and 9 months, respectively. At the 9-month follow-up, the BMR and BM interventions showed significant effects on executive function (Mean difference in change of composite for BMR vs. Control: 0.26 points [95% CI, 0.11, 0.41], p < 0.001; BM vs. Control: 0.23 points [95% CI, 0.08, 0.37], p = 0.003); however, only BMR demonstrated significant effects on global cognitive function (BMR vs. Control: 0.22 [95% CI, 0.09, 0.35], p = 0.001; BM vs. Control: 0.17 [95% CI, 0.04, 0.30], p = 0.01). No significant effect of Baduanjin alone was observed.
CONCLUSION: A multi-domain comprehensive intervention combining Baduanjin exercise, MIND diet and relaxation training, can significantly improve both executive function and global cognitive function after 9 months in older adults with cognitive impairment. These findings supported the use of these interventions to enhance cognitive function in older adults.
TRIAL REGISTRATION: Chinese clinical registry, registration number: ChiCTR2100045375.
METHODS: This is a four-arm cluster randomized trial conducted in 15 centers (counties/districts) in China. A total of 60 communities with 886 older adults with cognitive impairment were randomized to the control group (routine service, RS), and groups B (Baduanjin exercise, plus RS), BM (Baduanjin exercise and MIND diet, plus RS), and BMR (Baduanjin exercise, MIND diet, and relaxation training, plus RS), in a 1:1:1:1 ratio. The intervention lasted for 9 months. The two primary outcomes were an executive function composite and a global cognitive function composite; the secondary outcomes were Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score and six individual tests that comprise the global cognitive function composite.
RESULTS: Among 886 old adults with cognitive impairment at baseline, 801 and 809 participants were followed for 4.5 months and 9 months, respectively. At the 9-month follow-up, the BMR and BM interventions showed significant effects on executive function (Mean difference in change of composite for BMR vs. Control: 0.26 points [95% CI, 0.11, 0.41], p < 0.001; BM vs. Control: 0.23 points [95% CI, 0.08, 0.37], p = 0.003); however, only BMR demonstrated significant effects on global cognitive function (BMR vs. Control: 0.22 [95% CI, 0.09, 0.35], p = 0.001; BM vs. Control: 0.17 [95% CI, 0.04, 0.30], p = 0.01). No significant effect of Baduanjin alone was observed.
CONCLUSION: A multi-domain comprehensive intervention combining Baduanjin exercise, MIND diet and relaxation training, can significantly improve both executive function and global cognitive function after 9 months in older adults with cognitive impairment. These findings supported the use of these interventions to enhance cognitive function in older adults.
TRIAL REGISTRATION: Chinese clinical registry, registration number: ChiCTR2100045375.