Neuroepidemiology · 2015
Utility of the hand-drawn spiral as a tool in clinical-epidemiological research on essential tremor: data from four essential tremor cohorts.
СтатьяПоддержка NIH: внешняя программаНазвание и аннотация: Перевод пока не подготовлен
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Louis Elan D
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: In descriptive epidemiological studies, investigators must screen large numbers of individuals. How one best screens populations for essential tremor (ET); however, remains an open question. The collection of a standardized writing sample (e.g., a hand-drawn spiral) is a method with many practical advantages, yet there are virtually no data on the validity of this particular method.
METHODS: Four hand-drawn spirals (2 right, 2 left) were collected from 831 ET cases across four distinct study settings (population-based study, family study, environmental epidemiological study, brain repository) and, in two of these studies, from 697 controls. Spirals were rated (range 0-3) by a senior movement disorder neurologist. These 1,528 participants also underwent a detailed neurological examination, and total tremor scores (range 0-36) and ET diagnoses were assigned by the neurologist.
RESULTS: The proportion of cases with hand-drawn spiral ratings ≥1.5 in either arm ranged from 78.8-97.0%; only 4.7% of controls had spirals with tremor of that severity. The hand-drawn spiral rating was highly correlated with the total tremor score (r = 0.65-0.73, p < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: The hand-drawn spiral is a sensitive and specific method of screening for ET. Furthermore, it serves as a valid measure of overall tremor severity.
METHODS: Four hand-drawn spirals (2 right, 2 left) were collected from 831 ET cases across four distinct study settings (population-based study, family study, environmental epidemiological study, brain repository) and, in two of these studies, from 697 controls. Spirals were rated (range 0-3) by a senior movement disorder neurologist. These 1,528 participants also underwent a detailed neurological examination, and total tremor scores (range 0-36) and ET diagnoses were assigned by the neurologist.
RESULTS: The proportion of cases with hand-drawn spiral ratings ≥1.5 in either arm ranged from 78.8-97.0%; only 4.7% of controls had spirals with tremor of that severity. The hand-drawn spiral rating was highly correlated with the total tremor score (r = 0.65-0.73, p < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: The hand-drawn spiral is a sensitive and specific method of screening for ET. Furthermore, it serves as a valid measure of overall tremor severity.