[The pure red cell aplasia in children (observation 2010-2012 years)].

This study was designed to investigate the children with congenital (Diamond-Blackfan Anaemia - DBA) and acquired pure red cell aplasia (PRCA). 4 children, aged 1 month to 3 years with PRCA were enrolled in a trial. Investigations include: detailed history and physical examination, complete blood count with red blood cell indices, reticulocyte count, bone marrow examination, iron metabolism, viral serologies, immunological and urine analysis, anti-erythrocyte antibodies, measurement of hemoglobin F and erythrocyte adenosinedezaminase activity, chest x-ray, liver and renal function tests. Based on clinical and para-clinical data analyses and catamnestic observations two cases were diagnosed with DBA and other two with acquired PRCA among which one was determined by EBV virus and another by transient erythroblastopenia. Nowadays 3 children with PRCA are asymptomatic. In case of PRCA (because of its rare occurrence) a differentiated approach is required to every specific occasion. A series of investigations should be conducted to determine the origin and choose the treatment principles accordingly.