Correlation Between Condylar Shape and Malocclusion: CBCT Analysis.

Background/

Objectives

This study introduces a novel classification system using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) to assess condylar morphology and its correlation with different skeletal classifications.

Methods

A retrospective CBCT analysis of 288 subjects evaluated condylar shape, flattening at the medial and lateral poles, and the presence of degenerative changes. Statistical analyses identified significant associations.

Results

Class II skeletal malocclusion was the most prevalent (63.5% females and 36.4% males). Females exhibited a significantly higher prevalence of degenerative changes (p < 0.001), with notable lateral pole flattening. The most common condylar morphology was convex (52.43% left and 51% right), followed by angled, round, and flat. Degenerative changes were more frequent on the left side, particularly in Class II Division 1 cases (37%).

Conclusions

This classification system enhances temporomandibular joint (TMJ) evaluation in orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning, allowing for the early detection of morphological changes to optimize patient care.