H1N1 influenza pandemic and maternal mortality in Antioquia, Colombia.

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate the impact of the H1N1 influenza pandemic on maternal mortality in the province of Antioquia, Colombia, in 2009.

METHODS

The present study was a descriptive, retrospective, cross-sectional study of maternal deaths in Antioquia in 2009 caused by H1N1-related pneumonia. The study formed part of the epidemiologic surveillance process undertaken by the Health and Social Protection Directorate of Antioquia and the particular healthcare institutions involved in the cases.

RESULTS

In 2009, there were 42 maternal deaths in Antioquia, corresponding to a maternal mortality ratio of 46 per 100 000 live births. Ten deaths were due to pneumonia, 9 of which occurred after the H1N1 outbreak was first reported in early 2009. In 3 cases, the women were confirmed to have H1N1 virus infection, and the remainder fulfilled probable case criteria. The main factors contributing to the deaths were underestimation of H1N1 symptoms, and delays in administration of antiviral medication and in hospitalization.

CONCLUSION

For the population subgroup of pregnant women in Antioquia, it is crucial to remain alert regarding H1N1 virus infection, guaranteeing patients adequate monitoring and/or timely administration of immunization, medication, and hospitalization.