Brain and behavior · 2023
Impulsivity, decision-making, and risk behavior in bipolar disorder and major depression from bipolar multiplex families.
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Ramírez-Martín Almudena, Sirignano Lea, Streit Fabian, Foo Jerome C, Forstner Andreas J, Frank Josef, Nöthen Markus M, Strohmaier Jana, Witt Stephanie H, Mayoral-Cleries Fermin, Moreno-Küstner Berta, Rietschel Marcella, Guzmán-Parra Jose
Аннотация
OBJECTIVES: Bipolar disorder (BD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) are characterized by specific alterations of mood. In both disorders, alterations in cognitive domains such as impulsivity, decision-making, and risk-taking have been reported. Identification of similarities and differences of these domains in BD and MDD could give further insight into their etiology. The present study assessed impulsivity, decision-making, and risk-taking behavior in BD and MDD patients from bipolar multiplex families.
METHODS: Eighty-two participants (BD type I, n = 25; MDD, n = 26; healthy relatives (HR), n = 17; and healthy controls (HC), n = 14) underwent diagnostic interviews and selected tests of a cognitive battery assessing neurocognitive performance across multiple subdomains including impulsivity (response inhibition and delay aversion), decision-making, and risk behavior. Generalized estimating equations (GEEs) were used to analyze whether the groups differed in the respective cognitive domains.
RESULTS: Participants with BD and MDD showed higher impulsivity levels compared to HC; this difference was more pronounced in BD participants. BD participants also showed lower inhibitory control than MDD participants. Overall, suboptimal decision-making was associated with both mood disorders (BD and MDD). In risk-taking behavior, no significant impairment was found in any group.
LIMITATIONS: As sample size was limited, it is possible that differences between BD and MDD may have escaped detection due to lack of statistical power.
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings show that alterations of cognitive domains-while present in both disorders-are differently associated with BD and MDD. This underscores the importance of assessing such domains in addition to mere diagnosis of mood disorders.
METHODS: Eighty-two participants (BD type I, n = 25; MDD, n = 26; healthy relatives (HR), n = 17; and healthy controls (HC), n = 14) underwent diagnostic interviews and selected tests of a cognitive battery assessing neurocognitive performance across multiple subdomains including impulsivity (response inhibition and delay aversion), decision-making, and risk behavior. Generalized estimating equations (GEEs) were used to analyze whether the groups differed in the respective cognitive domains.
RESULTS: Participants with BD and MDD showed higher impulsivity levels compared to HC; this difference was more pronounced in BD participants. BD participants also showed lower inhibitory control than MDD participants. Overall, suboptimal decision-making was associated with both mood disorders (BD and MDD). In risk-taking behavior, no significant impairment was found in any group.
LIMITATIONS: As sample size was limited, it is possible that differences between BD and MDD may have escaped detection due to lack of statistical power.
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings show that alterations of cognitive domains-while present in both disorders-are differently associated with BD and MDD. This underscores the importance of assessing such domains in addition to mere diagnosis of mood disorders.