[Marked hematologic improvement despite deterioration of marrow cell dysplasia in a refractory anemia patient treated with vitamin D3].

A 69-year-old man was admitted to our hospital due to pancytopenia and a marked bleeding tendency. On admission, he had a white cell count of 2.8 x 10(9)/l, hemoglobin level of 6.0 g/dl, and a platelet count of 3 x 10(9)/l. He was given a diagnosis of refractory anemia on the basis of bone marrow aspiration findings, which disclosed trilineage myelodysplasia. After discharge, the patient remained dependent on blood transfusions. The sole administration of an active form of vitamin D3 (calcitriol) was started in July 1997, and one and a half years later, the patient's transfusion dependency disappeared. However, bone marrow aspiration findings at this point disclosed marked cell dysplasia of erythroid lineage and a prognostically unfavorable chromosomal abnormality (monosomy 7) that had not been found during the initial examination. Nonetheless, the patient's hemoglobin level and platelet count increased to more than 9 g/dl and about 1.0 x 10(11)/l, respectively. The finding in this case suggested that vitamin D3 therapy is useful for refractory anemia even if aggravated marrow cell dysplasia and cytogenetic anomalies develop.