Affective syndromes, psychotic features, and prognosis. II. Mania.

Fifty-six patients with mania and psychotic features and 14 with schizoaffective disorder, manic type, were followed up with biannual assessments during a 5-year period. Results were treated as they were in an analogous follow-up of patients with psychotic major depression or schizoaffective disorder, depressed type. Patients with schizoaffective mania experienced more morbidity during follow-up than did patients with psychotic mania. Among patients with schizoaffective mania, those with a chronic subtype did far worse than did the others, while the mainly schizophrenic--mainly affective distinction was not predictive. When depressed and manic groups were combined (n = 173), the following baseline variables were significant independent predictors of a sustained delusional outcome: longer duration of the index episode, temporal dissociation between psychotic features and affective symptoms, and impaired adolescent friendship pattern.