Bilharzial hydronephrosis causing renal failure in a child. A case report.

The clinical presentation and management of a young child with renal failure caused by bilharzial obstructive uropathy is discussed. Children from areas in which bilharzia is endemic have a high incidence of urological disease. Ureteric obstruction from inflammatory reaction will respond to medical treatment, whereas true mechanical obstruction from fibrosis will require surgical intervention.