[Schistosoma mansoni in the context of the Brazilian health policy].

There are many factors involved in the determination of the emergence and reemergence of infectious diseases. In the case of Schistosomiasis biological factors are highlighted as related to the habitat, to the microorganisms and hosts adaptations and mutations, to the immunologic reply of the host and to the bio-ecology adaptations of intermediate hosts. These are added to the not less important factors related to the management politics, occupation of the environment and allocation of financial resources. Brazil congregates, today, an important echo-epidemiologic conditions for the reemergence of Schistosomiasis. The expansion of its borders reaches the urban and agricultural environments, destined to work or leisure, also damaging income sectors as the ecotourism. The advances in the researches concerning the intermediate and definitive hosts of the Schistosoma mansoni, to change them into public benefits, need the public sustainability, compromised, interdisciplinary, and strengthened in the government's different spheres. The organized civil society has fundamental paper in the control of the government actions.