The impact of fibroblast growth factor-23 on the cardiovascular system in chronic kidney disease.

Chronic kidney disease is associated with an accelerated risk of cardiovascular (CV) mortality. Seminal work over the last decade has identified abnormal bone metabolism as an important modulator of the increased CV burden in this cohort. In particular, FGF23, a phosphaturic hormone with serum levels found to be markedly elevated in chronic kidney disease, is independently associated with increased risks of all-cause mortality and CV events. This editorial will discuss the proposed mechanisms linking FGF23 to CV disease in chronic kidney disease, namely, direct cardiac myocyte toxicity, endothelial dysfunction and vascular calcification.