Journal of the science of food and agriculture · 2025
The synergistic effects of inulin and rumen-bypass fat on host immunity, bile acid profiles, and gut microbiota in weaned goats.
СтатьяНазвание и аннотация: Перевод пока не подготовлен
Обработка статьи · этапы, ошибки и управление
Загрузка состояния…
Ошибки и ограничения
История · было → стало
Состояние обновляется каждые 5 секунд, пока блок открыт. Процент показывается только там, где известен объём работы. Пауза останавливает продолжение этапа; текущий запрос к источнику может завершиться.
Zhu Jinjia, Liao Junrui, Khan Nazir Ahmad, Gebeyew Kefyalew, Li Xiong, Zhou Chuanshe, Tan Zhiliang, Liu Yong
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Weaning is a critical developmental stage in young ruminants, marked by nutritional and immunological stress that may hinder growth and health. This study investigated the combined effects of dietary inulin and rumen-bypass fat on bile acid metabolism, gut microbiota, and mucosal immunity in weaned goats. Eighteen 3-month-old Liuyang black goats (8.97 ± 0.19 kg) were randomly assigned to two isoenergetic diets for 35 days: a control corn-based diet (CON) or a high-fat inulin diet (INU), containing 144 g kg-1 rumen-bypass fat and 189 g kg-1 inulin. Colonic chyme, liver, ileum, and colon tissues were analyzed for microbial diversity (16S rRNA sequencing), bile acid profiles, gene expression, and inflammatory markers.
RESULTS: The INU diet significantly improved colonic microbial diversity, indicated by higher Shannon and Simpson indices (P < 0.05). It increased beneficial taxa such as Lachnospiraceae_NK3A20_group (P = 0.005) and Olsenella (P = 0.028), while reducing the pro-inflammatory genus Mycoplasma (P < 0.05). Bile acid metabolism was modulated, with reductions in primary bile acids (glycocholic acid, taurocholic acid; P < 0.05), secondary bile acids (12-ketolithocholic acid, glycodeoxycholic acid; P < 0.05), and an increase in taurocholic acid (P < 0.05). Hepatic and colonic expression of bile acid regulators (farnesoid X receptor, pregnane X receptor) and transporters (apical sodium-dependent bile salt transporter, organic solute transporter-α) was downregulated (P < 0.01), suggesting improved enterohepatic circulation. Inulin activated colonic toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling, upregulating myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88-dependent (interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase, TIRAP, TAB2, nuclear factor κB) and toll-containing interleukin-1 receptor domain adaptor protein (TRIF)-dependent (TRIF, TBK1, interferon β) pathways (P < 0.05), while suppressing interferon regulatory factor 5 (P < 0.05) and elevating inflammatory markers (interleukin 6, interleukin 12 beta, NLRP3; P < 0.05), indicating a balanced immune response that supports mucosal development.
CONCLUSION: The synergistic effects of inulin and rumen-bypass fat reshape gut microbiota, optimize bile acid metabolism, and enhance TLR4-mediated immunity, offering a novel dietary strategy to improve intestinal health and resilience in weaned ruminants. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.
RESULTS: The INU diet significantly improved colonic microbial diversity, indicated by higher Shannon and Simpson indices (P < 0.05). It increased beneficial taxa such as Lachnospiraceae_NK3A20_group (P = 0.005) and Olsenella (P = 0.028), while reducing the pro-inflammatory genus Mycoplasma (P < 0.05). Bile acid metabolism was modulated, with reductions in primary bile acids (glycocholic acid, taurocholic acid; P < 0.05), secondary bile acids (12-ketolithocholic acid, glycodeoxycholic acid; P < 0.05), and an increase in taurocholic acid (P < 0.05). Hepatic and colonic expression of bile acid regulators (farnesoid X receptor, pregnane X receptor) and transporters (apical sodium-dependent bile salt transporter, organic solute transporter-α) was downregulated (P < 0.01), suggesting improved enterohepatic circulation. Inulin activated colonic toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling, upregulating myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88-dependent (interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase, TIRAP, TAB2, nuclear factor κB) and toll-containing interleukin-1 receptor domain adaptor protein (TRIF)-dependent (TRIF, TBK1, interferon β) pathways (P < 0.05), while suppressing interferon regulatory factor 5 (P < 0.05) and elevating inflammatory markers (interleukin 6, interleukin 12 beta, NLRP3; P < 0.05), indicating a balanced immune response that supports mucosal development.
CONCLUSION: The synergistic effects of inulin and rumen-bypass fat reshape gut microbiota, optimize bile acid metabolism, and enhance TLR4-mediated immunity, offering a novel dietary strategy to improve intestinal health and resilience in weaned ruminants. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.