A Low Prognostic Nutritional Index Is a Risk Factor for High Peritoneal Transport Status in Patients Undergoing Peritoneal Dialysis.

OBJECTIVES

A high peritoneal transport status is a risk factor for mortality and causes technical failure in patients on peritoneal dialysis (PD). High peritoneal transport status is associated with malnutrition and inflammation in patients with PD. The prognostic nutritional index (PNI) is a marker determined by the serum albumin level and lymphocyte count in the peripheral blood. The aim of this study is to investigate the association between PNI and high peritoneal transport status in patients with PD.

METHODS

We retrospectively investigated patients with PD from January 1, 2013 to May 31, 2020, in 4 PD centers. Patients with PD were divided into 2 groups according to PNI quartiles: the low PNI group (PNI ≤ 36.6) and the high PNI group (PNI > 36.6). The demographics and clinical and laboratory baseline data of the 2 groups were collected and compared. The association between PNI and high peritoneal transport status was analyzed by multivariate logistic regression analysis.

RESULTS

A total of 404 patients with PD were enrolled in our study. A total of 77 (19.06%) patients had high peritoneal transport status. After adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, residual urine volume, current smoking status, pre-existing cardiovascular disease, hemoglobin, white blood cell count, triglycerides, and intact parathyroid hormone, low PNI levels were significantly associated with high peritoneal transport status (odds ratio 3.42, 95% confidence interval 1.82-5.18, P = .0056). Subgroup analysis showed that there was no interaction among PNI and age, sex, diabetes, body mass index, pre-existing cardiovascular disease, or current smoking.

CONCLUSION

As a marker for malnutrition and inflammation, a low level of PNI is an independent risk factor for high peritoneal transport status in patients with PD.