Localization of basement membrane components after dermal-epidermal junction separation.

Adult human skin was separated at the dermal-epidermal junction (DEJ) by 4 published methods that involved different mechanisms of action: cold 1 M salt (tissue extraction), cold trypsinization (enzymatic), induction of a suction blister (mechanical), and warm phosphate-buffered saline (protease activation). The localization of DEJ macromolecules was studied after each separation method. By all of the methods tested, bullous pemphigoid antigen remained closely associated with the epidermis while laminin, the basement membrane heparan sulfate proteoglycan, and collagen types IV and V remained with the dermal side of the separation. The bullous pemphigoid antigen is, then, the DEJ component most closely associated with the epidermal basal cell. Of the basement membrane components tested, only the basement membrane heparan sulfate proteoglycan was trypsin-sensitive.