[Fundamentals and indications for mitral valve repair surgery].

The concept of mitral valve repair is discussed, emphasizing the basic knowledge on which it relies, and the breakthrough it has produced in modern cardiac surgery. This concept challenges the myth of the artificial prosthesis, showing the superiority of autologous biological structures submitted to plastic repair. The foundations of valvular repair and the techniques that have contributed to its success are reviewed, and the advantages for the patients in terms of quality of life, and preservation of the left ventricular function are discussed.