Diagnostic utility of mitral annular displacement by speckle tracking echocardiography in predicting significant coronary artery disease in suspected chronic stable angina pectoris.

BACKGROUND

More than 50% of patients currently referred for coronary angiography (CAG) with suspected chronic stable angina pectoris (CSAP) shows normal or nonobstructive CAD. Mitral annular displacement (MAD) is a function of global shortening deformation of left ventricle (LV) and mirrors sub-endocardial ischemia in CAD. The aim of this study was to ascertain if MAD can predict the presence of CAD in patient presenting with suspected CSAP.

METHODS

This cross-sectional study was conducted on patients with suspected CSAP (n = 140) and preserved LV function without apparent wall motion abnormalities during the study period. We excluded patients with prior heart disease (valvular, ischemic), presenting with acute coronary syndrome, arrhythmia, heart failure, and poor imaging. All the patients were subjected to speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) and CAG. Average MAD and normalized MAD were calculated by automated function imaging (AFI), and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted for presence of significant CAD considering CAG as gold standard.

RESULTS

The results showed that both average MAD (4 segment) and normalized MAD were significantly reduced (P = <.001) in patients with significant CAD (n = 81). In ROC analysis, area under curve (AUC) for predicting significant CAD in patients of CSAP was better for normalized MAD (0.88) compared to average MAD (4 segment, 0.85).The optimal cutoff of normalized MAD and average MAD for detection of significant CAD were ≤15.3% (sensitivity 90.1%, specificity 79.7%) and ≤11.19 (sensitivity 84%, specificity 69.5%), respectively. Normalized MAD showed week inverse correlation with SYNTAX score (-0.24, R2  = 0.058) and Hs CRP (-0.23, R2  = 0.057).

CONCLUSION

MAD is a simple and rapid noninvasive diagnostic tool which accurately predicted the presence of significant CAD in patients with CSAP.