Annals of epidemiology · 2025
Impact of extensive health examination survey screening on quality of life, healthcare use, and mortality: A longitudinal matched cohort study.
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Rosenlund Ingvild M, Mathiesen Ellisiv B, Ringberg Unni, Johnsen Liv-Hege, Wilsgaard Tom, Isaksen Jørgen, Ingebrigtsen Tor
Аннотация
PURPOSE: Widespread use of diagnostic testing in asymptomatic individuals raises ethical concerns. We aimed to investigate whether participation in an extensive health examination survey is associated with psychosocial outcomes, healthcare use, and mortality.
METHODS: This longitudinal matched cohort study included 461 participants who underwent comprehensive screening examinations as part of the population-based Tromsø7 Study, including electrocardiogram, carotid artery ultrasound, echocardiography, brain magnetic resonance imaging, and spirometry. Age- and sex-matched controls (n = 461) were drawn from Tromsø7 participants who only underwent limited basic measurements. Health-related quality of life, psychological distress, and health anxiety were assessed at baseline and after 5 years. Data on healthcare utilization and mortality were obtained from national registries.
RESULTS: No significant differences were found in psychosocial outcomes. Healthcare use was largely similar, although screening participants had slightly fewer hospital admissions, 0.23 vs. 0.31 per person-year (95 % CI 0.19, 0.28 vs. 0.25, 0.38). Screening participants also had lower, but non-significant, risk of death compared with controls, hazard ratio 0.69 (95 % CI 0.47, 1.01).
CONCLUSION: Extensive health examination survey screening was not associated with psychosocial harms, healthcare use or statistically significant differences in mortality. Overall, the findings suggest that participation in such screening is safe.
METHODS: This longitudinal matched cohort study included 461 participants who underwent comprehensive screening examinations as part of the population-based Tromsø7 Study, including electrocardiogram, carotid artery ultrasound, echocardiography, brain magnetic resonance imaging, and spirometry. Age- and sex-matched controls (n = 461) were drawn from Tromsø7 participants who only underwent limited basic measurements. Health-related quality of life, psychological distress, and health anxiety were assessed at baseline and after 5 years. Data on healthcare utilization and mortality were obtained from national registries.
RESULTS: No significant differences were found in psychosocial outcomes. Healthcare use was largely similar, although screening participants had slightly fewer hospital admissions, 0.23 vs. 0.31 per person-year (95 % CI 0.19, 0.28 vs. 0.25, 0.38). Screening participants also had lower, but non-significant, risk of death compared with controls, hazard ratio 0.69 (95 % CI 0.47, 1.01).
CONCLUSION: Extensive health examination survey screening was not associated with psychosocial harms, healthcare use or statistically significant differences in mortality. Overall, the findings suggest that participation in such screening is safe.