Comparative analysis of early postoperative results of transcatheter aortic valve implantation and surgical aortic valve replacement with a biological prosthesis.

OBJECTIVE

. Aim: The choice of aortic valve stenosis correction method is determined by a number of clinical and technical parameters. The task was to compare early postoperative outcomes in patients after correction of aortic valve stenosis using TAVI and surgical aortic valve replacement with a biological prosthesis.

PATIENTS AND

METHODS

Materials and

Methods

This retrospective study analyzed the medical records of adult patients (18 years of age and older) who had transcatheter aortic valve implantation or surgical aortic valve replacement with a biological prosthesis at the State Institution "Heart Institute of the Ministry of Health" in the period from 2018 to 2022.

RESULTS

Results

In 47 (47.5%) cases, TAVI was performed and in 52 (52.5%) cases, SAVR with a biological prosthesis was performed. Patients who underwent TAVI were significantly older (p=0.002) and had a higher EuroSCORE II operative risk score (p<0.001). In patients with TAVI, larger diameter aortic valve prostheses were significantly more often used compared with the SAVR group with biological prosthesis (27.5±2.74 vs. 22.5±1.84, p<0.001). The early postoperative period in patients with TAVI was characterized by an 11.4% (p=0.046) and 15.4% (p=0.006). The length of stay in the ICU (p=0.024), as well as the duration of hospitalization in general (p=0.005), was also significantly lower in patients with TAVI compared with patients with biological prosthesis SAVR.

CONCLUSION

Conclusions

Despite the higher surgical risk of surgery according to EuroSCORE II, TAVI was characterized by a lower incidence of postoperative complications, with shorter duration of stay in ICU and hospitalization in general in comparison with patients undergoing SAVR with a biological prosthesis.