In quest of the tyrosinase-positive oculocutaneous albinism gene.

The gene which causes tyrosinase-positive oculocutaneous albinism (ty-pos OCA) is not known. Forty-seven Bantu-speaking Negroid families with ty-pos OCA were studied in an attempt to find linkage to the gene. Fifteen 'classical' and seven DNA polymorphisms were used in the search for linkage. Close linkage was excluded for the Rh, Gc and beta-globin loci. There is no suggestion of linkage to MNS, ABO, PGM1, 6PGD, ACP1, GPX1, GLO1, GPT1, PEP A, Tf, alpha 1-AT, Hp, DQA, DXA and three arbitrary restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs). There is a slightly positive lod score for pAW101 (D14S1) (0.591 for theta = 0.2). An 'interesting' lod score was obtained with Bf and a haplotype generated by the markers DQA and DXA (1.575 for theta = 0.1 and 0.979 for theta = 0.2, respectively). Further testing of markers on chromosome 6p are indicated. Although ty-pos OCA in Southern Africa is likely to be a homogeneous disorder, genetic heterogeneity cannot be excluded as differences due to the presence/absence of ephelides within families have been observed. To date 57% of the genome has been excluded from linkage with ty-pos OCA.