Journal of affective disorders · 2025
Beyond the intervention: do the benefits of a randomized controlled trial of physical activity on depressive symptoms persist after six months?
СтатьяРандомизированное исследованиеНазвание и аннотация: Перевод пока не подготовлен
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Bertuol Cecília, Schuch Felipe Barreto, Tozetto Willen Remon, Alves Deborah Kazimoto, Del Duca Giovani Firpo
Аннотация
AIM: Physical activity (PA) alleviates depressive symptoms, but evidence on long-term effects and moderators remains inconclusive. We examined long-lasting effects on depressive symptoms after six months of a PA intervention and potential moderators (sex, age, and marital status) among adults with depressive symptoms.
METHODS: This randomized controlled trial involved adults with depressive symptoms, assigned to a waitlist control or intervention group (IG). The 16-week intervention comprised two 90-minute sessions per week. The sessions included both theoretical components and various PA modalities. Depressive symptoms were assessed at baseline, post-intervention, and after six months, using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. Generalized estimating equations were used to compare changes over time and between groups. Moderation effects were tested using three-way interaction terms (group-by-time-by-moderator).
RESULTS: A total of 78 participants (76.9 % women, mean age = ≈37.5 years for both groups) were randomized. In both groups depressive symptoms decreased over time, with significantly greater improvements in the IG (p = 0.017). Specific symptoms such as "feeling bad about yourself", "trouble concentrating", and "sluggishness or restlessness" showed particularly marked improvements among IG participants. Age moderated the intervention effect (p = 0.043), with stronger benefits observed in middle-aged adults (37-59 years) compared to younger adults (20-36 years). No moderating effects were found for sex or marital status. Remission rates were higher in the IG at post-intervention (51.3 % vs. 23.1 %) and follow-up (35.9 % vs. 5.2 %), with fewer cases of symptom worsening (18.0 % vs. 33.3 %).
CONCLUSION: A multicomponent PA intervention led to sustained a reduction in depressive symptoms, particularly among middle-aged adults.
TRIAL REGISTRATION: Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (ReBEC): RBR-7466htj, April, 17 2023.
METHODS: This randomized controlled trial involved adults with depressive symptoms, assigned to a waitlist control or intervention group (IG). The 16-week intervention comprised two 90-minute sessions per week. The sessions included both theoretical components and various PA modalities. Depressive symptoms were assessed at baseline, post-intervention, and after six months, using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. Generalized estimating equations were used to compare changes over time and between groups. Moderation effects were tested using three-way interaction terms (group-by-time-by-moderator).
RESULTS: A total of 78 participants (76.9 % women, mean age = ≈37.5 years for both groups) were randomized. In both groups depressive symptoms decreased over time, with significantly greater improvements in the IG (p = 0.017). Specific symptoms such as "feeling bad about yourself", "trouble concentrating", and "sluggishness or restlessness" showed particularly marked improvements among IG participants. Age moderated the intervention effect (p = 0.043), with stronger benefits observed in middle-aged adults (37-59 years) compared to younger adults (20-36 years). No moderating effects were found for sex or marital status. Remission rates were higher in the IG at post-intervention (51.3 % vs. 23.1 %) and follow-up (35.9 % vs. 5.2 %), with fewer cases of symptom worsening (18.0 % vs. 33.3 %).
CONCLUSION: A multicomponent PA intervention led to sustained a reduction in depressive symptoms, particularly among middle-aged adults.
TRIAL REGISTRATION: Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (ReBEC): RBR-7466htj, April, 17 2023.