Vocal function following vertical hemilaryngectomy: comparison of four reconstruction techniques in the canine.

The goals of laryngeal reconstruction have been prevention of aspiration, production of a functional voice, and maintenance of an adequate airway for decannulation. A number of procedures for partial laryngeal reconstruction have accomplished these objectives. However, few studies have attempted to compare patients' vocal characteristics following different reconstruction procedures. In this study, an in vivo canine model was used to compare acoustic and aerodynamic measures of vocal function for the following vertical hemilaryngectomy reconstruction techniques: 1) a superiorly based sternohyoid muscle flap, 2) a modified epiglottic laryngoplasty, 3) a new procedure using a layered vascularized buccal mucosal flap and a transversely oriented sternohyoid muscle flap, and 4) hemilaryngeal transplantation combined with arytenoid adduction. Hemitransplantation provided the most efficient phonation of the four techniques. The vascularized buccal mucosa flap produced the best phonation of the autologous tissue techniques examined. Both vascularized buccal mucosa flap and hemilaryngeal transplantation subjects demonstrated a mucosal wave on stroboscopy. The results indicate that vocal function will improve as the layered structure of the vocal fold is more accurately replicated in a reconstructed hemilarynx. Endoscopic findings and whole organ sections are presented.