A Novel 3D-Printed Bilateral Sagittal Split Osteotomy Simulation Tool for Resident Education.

BACKGROUND

Bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (BSSO) carries a high risk of neurosensory injury. Surgical simulation of BSSO may improve confidence, technical skills, and intuition, leading to improved intraoperative performance. We assessed the face and content validity of a novel three-dimensional (3D) printed mandible with soft tissue component for BSSO simulation.

METHODS

The simulation model was created using 3D printing and silicone molding. Surgical trainees were asked to perform a simulated BSSO procedure on the simulation model, both with and without the soft tissue component. This task was repeated using a commercially available model. Pre- and post-surveys assessed trainee confidence and evaluated the face and content validity of the model. Statistical analyses compared changes in confidence.

RESULTS

The simulation model cost $43 to produce ($11 for one single-use mandible component and $32 for one reusable soft tissue component). Twelve residents, including 6 junior and 6 senior residents, participated. Residents reported a significant increase in their confidence level across all domains (P<0.01), with first-year residents reporting the greatest increase. Almost all residents agreed or strongly agreed that the simulation model (n=11, 92%), inferior alveolar nerve (n=11, 92%), and soft tissue component (n=9, 75%) were realistic. All residents preferred the simulation model over the commercially available model for BSSO.

CONCLUSIONS

Our novel mandible model with soft tissue component and inferior alveolar nerve visualization is cost-effective and provides a high-fidelity, anatomically accurate platform for surgical simulation.