A new technique for bedside placement of enteral feeding tubes: a prospective cohort study.

INTRODUCTION

To accomplish early enteral feeding in the critically ill patient a new transnasal endoscopic approach to the placement of postpyloric feeding tubes by intensive care physicians was evaluated.

METHODS

This was a prospective cohort study in 27 critically ill patients subjected to transnasal endoscopy and intubation of the pylorus. Attending intensive care physicians were trained in the handling of the new endoscope for transnasal gastroenteroscopy for two days. A jejunal feeding tube was advanced via the instrument channel and the correct position assessed by contrast radiography. The primary outcome measure was successful postpyloric placement of the tube. Secondary outcome measures were time needed for the placement, complications such as bleeding and formation of loops, and the score of the placement difficulty graded from 1 (easy) to 4 (difficult). Data are given as mean values and standard deviation.

RESULTS

Out of 34 attempted jejunal tube placements, 28 tubes (82%) were placed correctly in the jejunum. The duration of the procedure was 28 ± 12 minutes. The difficulty of the tube placement was judged as follows: grade 1: 17 patients, grade 2: 8 patients, grade 3: 7 patients, grade 4: 2 patients. In three cases, the tube position was incorrect, and in another three cases, the procedure had to be aborted. In one patient bleeding occurred that required no further treatment.

CONCLUSIONS

Fast and reliable transnasal insertion of postpyloric feeding tubes can be accomplished by trained intensive care physicians at the bedside using the presented procedure. This new technique may facilitate early initiation of enteral feeding in intensive care patients.