Risk reduction: using the properties of sedation to mitigate the risks of stress-induced medical emergencies - a case series.

Dental anxiety and phobia are widespread in the population, with various non-pharmacological and pharmacological techniques available to manage it, including conscious sedation. Medically complex, anxious patients may be at a higher risk of a stress-induced medical emergency during dental treatment. This article lays out the forms of sedation that may be used to help mitigate this risk, the detailed risk assessment required and how conscious sedation may be used as a prophylactic tool to prevent medical emergencies in these patients. Referring clinicians must know what options are available to enable this cohort of patients to access care.