Health science reports · 2026
Evaluation of Diabetes Self-Care Activities and Glycemic Control Profiles in People With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
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Neupane Sonu, Dahal Prasanna, Koirala Mukesh, Thapa Rahi Bikram, Basnet Dojindra, Rijal Sashi Sharma
Аннотация
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic endocrine disorder requiring long-term medication therapy. In addition to medication therapy, appropriate diabetes self-care activities are crucial for the management and prevention of complications of diabetes mellitus. The study aims to investigate diabetes self-care activity and explore its relationship with patients' characteristics and glycemic control profiles among individuals with type 2 diabetes.
METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among type 2 diabetic patients visiting Purbanchal University Hospital from January to March 2024. The Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire (DSMQ) was used to assess diabetes self-care activities. The patient's glycemic profiles were evaluated based on control of fasting blood sugar (FBS), post-prandial blood sugar (PPBS), and glycated hemoglobin value (HbA1C) levels. Chi-square and Mann-Whitney U tests were used to measure the association between patients' characteristics with glycemic control indicators and diabetic self-management indicator scores.
RESULTS: A total of 139 patients participated in the study, of whom the majority were male (54.7%) and aged ≤ 60 years (64.7%). Despite receiving diabetic medication, 54.7% of patients exhibited elevated fasting blood glucose ( ≥ 126 mg/dL), and 57% had HbA1c levels > 7%, indicating poor glycemic control. The average score for self-care activities, assessed using the 10-point DSMQ scale, was 5.45 ± 1.17, reflecting limited engagement in diabetes self-care. Smoking habits were significantly associated with elevated HbA1c levels (p = 0.039). Gender, education status, and smoking habits substantially influenced overall self-management activity, and proper control over all glycemic indicators was linked to better physical and glucose management activity scores, which were statistically significant at p < 0.05.
CONCLUSION: Although patients were on medication, the majority exhibited poor glycemic control, compounded by limited self-care activities. Enhanced diabetic self-care practices, such as physical activity, glucose management, and dietary control, could significantly improve glycemic control in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among type 2 diabetic patients visiting Purbanchal University Hospital from January to March 2024. The Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire (DSMQ) was used to assess diabetes self-care activities. The patient's glycemic profiles were evaluated based on control of fasting blood sugar (FBS), post-prandial blood sugar (PPBS), and glycated hemoglobin value (HbA1C) levels. Chi-square and Mann-Whitney U tests were used to measure the association between patients' characteristics with glycemic control indicators and diabetic self-management indicator scores.
RESULTS: A total of 139 patients participated in the study, of whom the majority were male (54.7%) and aged ≤ 60 years (64.7%). Despite receiving diabetic medication, 54.7% of patients exhibited elevated fasting blood glucose ( ≥ 126 mg/dL), and 57% had HbA1c levels > 7%, indicating poor glycemic control. The average score for self-care activities, assessed using the 10-point DSMQ scale, was 5.45 ± 1.17, reflecting limited engagement in diabetes self-care. Smoking habits were significantly associated with elevated HbA1c levels (p = 0.039). Gender, education status, and smoking habits substantially influenced overall self-management activity, and proper control over all glycemic indicators was linked to better physical and glucose management activity scores, which were statistically significant at p < 0.05.
CONCLUSION: Although patients were on medication, the majority exhibited poor glycemic control, compounded by limited self-care activities. Enhanced diabetic self-care practices, such as physical activity, glucose management, and dietary control, could significantly improve glycemic control in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.