[Variations of blood bilirubin levels in the newborn with and without retinopathy of prematurity (ROP)].

Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a multifactorial disease where production of free radicals is a pathogenic factor. Bilirubin is regarded today as the most powerful antioxidant substance "in vitro". To test such effect "in vivo" we studied 219 premature infants, admitted to our Neonatal Intensive Case Unit from April 1991 to October 1992, evaluating their serum bilirubin levels from day two to seven and mean bilirubin level of first week for each child. We also calculated the mean rate of daily increase of bilirubin. Our results show that bilirubin parameters considered are higher in neonates which will develop ROP of every stage than in the control ones. These results therefore do not support the concept that bilirubin could have a role in the prevention of ROP.