Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2024
Combined diet and exercise training decreases serum lipids associated with insulin resistance.
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Broussard Josiane L, Garfield Amanda, Zarini Simona, Brozinick Joseph T, Perreault Leigh, Newsom Sean A, Kahn Darcy, Kerege Anna, Berry Karin Zemski, Bui Hai Hoang, Bergman Bryan C
Аннотация
OBJECTIVE: Circulating lipids are linked with insulin resistance and increased cardiovascular disease risk. We previously reported that dihydroceramides, a specific type of sphingolipid, are elevated in insulin-resistant individuals; however, little is known regarding whether insulin-sensitizing lifestyle interventions can improve profiles of sphingolipids and other lipid species.
METHODS: A total of 21 individuals with obesity participated in a 3-month lifestyle intervention of combined weight loss and exercise training. Insulin sensitivity was assessed by hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamps, and serum lipidomics was conducted.
RESULTS: Following the intervention, BMI was significantly reduced by 10%; VO2peak and insulin sensitivity increased by 12% and 57%, respectively; and total serum triacylglycerol (TAG), diacylglycerol, dihydroceramides, sphingosine-1-phosphate, and sphinganine-1-phosphate were significantly reduced, as were specific species of dihydroceramides (C18:0 and C24:1). Individuals with higher preintervention TAG concentrations had significant decreases in serum lipids, which were not significantly changed in individuals with lower preintervention TAG.
CONCLUSIONS: These data show that serum sphingolipid species previously linked to insulin resistance in humans can be reduced with insulin-sensitizing lifestyle interventions. Furthermore, individuals with elevated serum TAG may significantly benefit from lifestyle interventions that increase insulin sensitivity due to a greater decrease in serum lipids related to insulin resistance.
METHODS: A total of 21 individuals with obesity participated in a 3-month lifestyle intervention of combined weight loss and exercise training. Insulin sensitivity was assessed by hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamps, and serum lipidomics was conducted.
RESULTS: Following the intervention, BMI was significantly reduced by 10%; VO2peak and insulin sensitivity increased by 12% and 57%, respectively; and total serum triacylglycerol (TAG), diacylglycerol, dihydroceramides, sphingosine-1-phosphate, and sphinganine-1-phosphate were significantly reduced, as were specific species of dihydroceramides (C18:0 and C24:1). Individuals with higher preintervention TAG concentrations had significant decreases in serum lipids, which were not significantly changed in individuals with lower preintervention TAG.
CONCLUSIONS: These data show that serum sphingolipid species previously linked to insulin resistance in humans can be reduced with insulin-sensitizing lifestyle interventions. Furthermore, individuals with elevated serum TAG may significantly benefit from lifestyle interventions that increase insulin sensitivity due to a greater decrease in serum lipids related to insulin resistance.