[Neuromyelitis optica--an important differential diagnosis for multiple sclerosis].

Neuromyelitis optica (Devic's disease) is a rare autoimmune neuroinflammatory disease. The disease can often be difficult to distinguish from multiple sclerosis. It is important to be familiar with the disease because of the risk of rapid progression to disability or even death. We describe a 15-year-old woman with onset of a typical relapsing-remitting course. The case includes the diagnostic tests and effected treatment.