Cerebellum and source memory.

We report the case of a 40-year-old right-handed German-speaking man who presented with ischemic stroke in the territories of the right superior cerebellar artery and posterior inferior cerebellar artery. The objective of the present study was to investigate the consequences of this cerebellar damage with regard to higher cognitive functions. On admission to the stroke unit, the patient presented with dysarthria, right-sided appendicular ataxia, gait ataxia, and right-sided horizontal nystagmus (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, NIHSS, score 4). When examined 10 days after his stroke using a set of neuropsychological tests, he showed a marked deficit in the ability to remember when and in which context he had previously encountered verbal material. This aspect of memory, so-called 'source memory', is known to be mediated mainly by frontal and medial temporal structures. The present case suggests the existence of a strong functional connectivity between cerebellum and cortical regions underlying specific memory processes.