Deciphering Novel Molecular Targets in Neuro-Oncology: An Update.

Neuro-oncology is the study of brain and spinal cord neoplasms. Molecular targets and signaling pathways are pivotal in advancing modern healthcare, particularly in personalized medicine. Signaling pathways, which regulate cellular processes such as growth, division, and survival, are frequently dysregulated in cancer. Targeting these pathways has enabled the development of personalized therapies that improve efficacy while minimizing side effects. This approach has led to significant improvements in patient outcomes, reduced treatment toxicity, and a shift toward precision medicine, driving innovation in drug discovery. The integration of molecular targets and signaling pathways into clinical practice highlights their importance for enhancing patient care.