Oral health-related quality of life in patients with cleidocranial dysplasia: Impact of malocclusion traits and treatment modality.

INTRODUCTION

Cleidocranial dysplasia (CCD) often results in supernumerary teeth, impacted teeth, and malocclusions. Treatment options include orthodontics to erupt the impacted dentition in the oral cavity or prosthodontic replacement of impacted teeth. This study assesses whether patients with CCD who have certain malocclusion traits have worse oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) than those without these malocclusions, and whether patients with CCD who received orthodontic treatment have better OHRQoL than those treated with prosthodontics.

METHODS

Patients with CCD aged 15 years and older underwent an oral examination and completed the oral health impact profile-14 survey. Independent-samples t tests were performed to compare the oral health impact profile-14 scores among patients with and without specific oral findings.

RESULTS

Sixty-one patients participated in this study. Those with posterior crossbites experienced significantly worse OHRQoL in the domain of physical pain (P = 0.015; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.316-2.750). For those with anterior open bites, a significantly worse OHRQoL was observed in the domain of handicap (P = 0.046; 95% CI, 0.027-2.919). Anterior crossbites resulted in statistically significantly worse OHRQoL in the functional limitation domain (P = 0.027; 95% CI, 0.149-2.373). Lastly, patients who received prosthodontic treatment reported significantly worse OHRQoL (P = 0.037; 95% CI, 0.685-21.015) and higher scores in physical pain (P = 0.038; 95% CI, 0.114-3.981), physical disability (P = 0.005; 95% CI, 0.872-4.543), and social disability (P = 0.020; 95% CI, 0.091-3.398).

CONCLUSIONS

Patients with CCD who have anterior crossbites, posterior crossbites, or anterior open bites have worse OHRQoL in specific domains compared with those without these malocclusions. In addition, patients who underwent prosthodontics had worse OHRQoL than those who underwent orthodontics.