PloS one · 2023
Acute stress symptoms 1-2 weeks after stroke predict the subsequent development of post-traumatic stress symptoms: A prospective cohort study.
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Feely David, Slattery Brian, Walsh Thomas, Galvin Trish, Donlon Kate, Hanlon Michelle, Gormley Darina, Brown Gwen-Marie, Quinn Sarah, Robinson Stephanie, Judge Conor, O'Donnell Martin, Sarma Kiran, McGuire Brian E
Аннотация
OBJECTIVE: To date no research has examined the potential influence of acute stress symptoms (ASD) on subsequent development of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in stroke survivors. Our objective was to examine whether acute stress symptoms measured 1-2 weeks post-stroke predicted the presence of post-traumatic stress symptoms measured 6-12 weeks later.
DESIGN: Prospective within-groups study.
METHODS: Fifty four participants who completed a measure of acute stress disorder at 1-2 weeks following stroke (time 1) and 31 of these participants completed a measure of posttraumatic stress disorder 6-12 weeks later (time 2). Participants also completed measures of stroke severity, functional impairment, cognitive impairment, depression, anxiety, pre-morbid intelligence and pain across both time points.
RESULTS: Some 22% met the criteria for ASD at baseline and of those, 62.5% went on to meet the criteria for PTSD at follow-up. Meanwhile two of the seven participants (28.6%) who met the criteria for PTSD at Time 2, did not meet the ASD criteria at Time 1 (so that PTSD developed subsequently). A hierarchical multiple regression analysis indicated that the presence of acute stress symptoms at baseline was predictive of post-traumatic stress symptoms at follow-up (R2 = .26, p < .01). Less severe stroke was correlated with higher levels of post-traumatic stress symptoms at Time 2 (rho = .42, p < .01).
CONCLUSIONS: The results highlight the importance of early assessment and identification of acute stress symptoms in stroke survivors as a risk factor for subsequent PTSD. Both ASD and PTSD were prevalent and the presence of both disorders should be assessed.
DESIGN: Prospective within-groups study.
METHODS: Fifty four participants who completed a measure of acute stress disorder at 1-2 weeks following stroke (time 1) and 31 of these participants completed a measure of posttraumatic stress disorder 6-12 weeks later (time 2). Participants also completed measures of stroke severity, functional impairment, cognitive impairment, depression, anxiety, pre-morbid intelligence and pain across both time points.
RESULTS: Some 22% met the criteria for ASD at baseline and of those, 62.5% went on to meet the criteria for PTSD at follow-up. Meanwhile two of the seven participants (28.6%) who met the criteria for PTSD at Time 2, did not meet the ASD criteria at Time 1 (so that PTSD developed subsequently). A hierarchical multiple regression analysis indicated that the presence of acute stress symptoms at baseline was predictive of post-traumatic stress symptoms at follow-up (R2 = .26, p < .01). Less severe stroke was correlated with higher levels of post-traumatic stress symptoms at Time 2 (rho = .42, p < .01).
CONCLUSIONS: The results highlight the importance of early assessment and identification of acute stress symptoms in stroke survivors as a risk factor for subsequent PTSD. Both ASD and PTSD were prevalent and the presence of both disorders should be assessed.