Antegrade percutaneous dilation of ureteral strictures after kidney transplantation.

Ureteral obstruction after renal transplantation is due mostly to retroperitoneal fibrosis in the area of surgical dissection, and pyeloureterostomy is the treatment of choice for such an obstruction. For confined strictures, especially at the site of the ureteroneocystostomy, endoscopic dilation may be a good alternative. Antegrade percutaneous dilation was used to treat six patients with ureteral stricture after kidney transplantation. Four patients had stricture at the ureterovesical junction, one a confined midureteral stricture, and one a secondary stricture at the site of pyeloureterostomy. Percutaneous antegrade dilation of the stricture to 14 Fr with semirigid fascial dilators and external ureteral stenting with a 12-Fr silicon splint for 6 weeks was successful in the four patients with ureterovesical junction obstruction, but not in the two other patients. Results were judged on the basis of serum creatinine concentration, renal ultrasonography, and intravenous urography (IVU). The follow-up period was 12-20 months (mean 15 months). None of the six patients died and perioperative morbidity was minimal.