Anesthetic management of patients undergoing pituitary surgery.

Pituitary tumors account for more than 10% of all intracranial tumors. They often present with symptoms of hormonal hypersecretion, although they may also cause hypopituitarism. Transsphenoidal pituitary surgery has become a commonly performed neurosurgical procedure, which has certain challenges for the anesthesiologist due to many distinct comorbidities associated with various adenomas. This article provides a review of perioperative concerns regarding transsphenoidal pituitary surgery, encountered in a number of these patients. Thorough understanding of preoperative assessment, intraoperative management and potential complications is fundamental for successful perioperative patient care and avoidance of morbidity and mortality.