Development and psychometric validation of a multidimensional measure of embodied cognition in dance training.

BACKGROUND

Embodied cognition has been increasingly recognized as an important mechanism linking bodily experience and psychological adaptation, yet few instruments capture its multidimensional characteristics in dance training contexts.

OBJECTIVE

The present study aimed to develop and validate a measure of embodied cognition for dance training.

METHODS

A total of 439 undergraduate dance students participated in a two-stage cross-validation design. Exploratory factor analysis was conducted in a pilot sample (n = 136) to identify the underlying factor structure, and confirmatory factor analysis was performed in an independent sample (n = 303) to test the model. Reliability and validity were evaluated using internal consistency, composite reliability, average variance extracted, and discriminant validity indices.

RESULTS

The results supported a five-factor structure comprising motor control, positive body self-image, cognitive flexibility, mind-body integration, and rigid response/negative experience. The scale showed acceptable model fit and satisfactory reliability and validity.

CONCLUSION

These findings provide preliminary support for a multidimensional measure of embodied cognition in dance training and offer a context-sensitive tool for future research on embodied processes in highly trained physical performers.