[Tuberculosis in HIV/AIDS patients].

The recent literatures and guidelines of TB/HIV were reviewed. The Japanese research survey revealed that 0.37% of active TB patients were estimated to be HIV-positive. Over 60% of the HIV-infected patients with TB disease were diagnosed as having TB and being HIV-positive almost simultaneously. All HIV-infected patients with diagnosed active TB should be started on TB treatment immediately and active TB patients but not yet on antiretroviral therapy (ART) should be treated with ART within 2 to 8 weeks of starting TB treatment depending on CD4 status. All HIV-infected persons are recommended to receive the test for LTBI and also active TB disease could be prevented by application of WHO three 'I's.