Efficacy and safety of magnesium glycinate as add on therapy in hypomagnesemic asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients: A randomised controlled study assessing inflammatory biomarkers.

Asthma and COPD are chronic respiratory conditions characterised by persistent airway inflammation, elevated inflammatory biomarkers (CRP, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10), and frequent hypomagnesaemia, which worsens disease severity despite standard treatments. This study evaluates the efficacy and safety of Magnesium glycinate (440 mg/day) as add on therapy in the management of asthma and COPD. This randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial enrolled 224 adults (112 Asthma and 112 COPD) with confirmed hypomagnesemia (Serum magnesium < 1.6 mg/dL) at Arogyavaram Medical Centre, India. Participants received oral magnesium glycinate 440 mg daily (n = 112) or placebo (n = 112) for 12 months alongside standard therapy. Primary outcomes were changes in CRP, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10. Secondary outcomes included FEV1/FVC ratio, serum magnesium, quality of life, medication adherence, and adverse drug reactions. Mixed-effects models and t-tests were used (P < 0.05). Magnesium glycinate supplementation significantly reduced systemic inflammation and improved pulmonary function in both asthma and COPD patients compared with placebo, as demonstrated by reductions in CRP (asthma: -0.97 mg/L, 95% CI -1.34 to -0.61, P < 0.001; COPD: -3.42 mg/L, 95% CI -4.23 to -2.61, P < 0.001) and improvements in FEV1 (asthma: +0.23 L, p = 0.002; COPD: +0.19 L, p = 0.004). Alongside an increase in the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 (+2.8 pg/mL, 95% CI + 0.61 to +4.99, p = 0.013) and the intervention was well tolerated with no serious adverse events compared to placebo. Adjunctive magnesium glycinate safely reduces inflammatory biomarkers, particularly CRP, in hypomagnesemic asthma and COPD patients, with stronger cytokine modulation in COPD.