A surviving case of mitochondrial cardiomyopathy diagnosed from the symptoms of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome.

A 49-year-old female cardiomyopathic patient with heart, hepatic, and renal failure and lactic acidosis was transferred to the intensive care unit without a unifying diagnosis. She was of short stature (145 cm tall), had difficulty in hearing, a past history of complete atrioventricular block, and had received a permanent pacemaker. She had been diagnosed and treated as dilated cardiomyopathy by her primary doctor. Treatment in the intensive care unit for 21 days including plasma exchange, continuous hemodiafiltration, artificial ventilation, and administration of catecholamine, carperitide, and a large amount of coenzyme Q10 (210 mg/day) improved the symptoms. Genetic analysis using mitochondrial DNA from leukocytes and sternocleidomastoid muscle revealed a 3243A>G mutation in the mitochondrial tRNA(Leu (UUR)) gene, which is related to mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes (MELAS). The patient recovered through intensive care and could be discharged from hospital without any sequelae. This case was mitochondrial cardiomyopathy diagnosed from the symptoms of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. Cardiomyopathy due to the mutation of mitochondrial DNA is not a common disease. However, it should be considered as a possible cause of heart failure.