Computer-assisted hapten design enables a sensitive immunochromatographic assay strip for fluopyram detection in potatoes and soybeans.

Fluopyram (FPR), a widely used succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor fungicide, has raised potential concerns regarding residue risks, highlighting the importance of developing rapid on-site detection methods. In this study, a novel and unique hapten was designed through computer-assisted simulation, leading to the production of a highly sensitive and specific antibody with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration value of 0.09 ng mL-1. Based on this antibody, a colloidal gold immunochromatographic assay strip method applicable to potato and soybean samples was successfully developed, with a visual limit of detection of 10 μg kg-1. In the analysis of real samples, potato sample No. 9 and soybean samples No. 1 and No. 5 were identified as positive samples. These results corresponded closely to those obtained using the instrument detection method, thereby confirming the reliability of the strips.