Differential effect of beta-adrenergic receptor antagonism in basolateral amygdala on reconsolidation of aversive and appetitive memories associated with morphine in rats.

Positive and negative emotional experiences induced by addictive drugs play an important role in the development of dysfunctional drug-related memory, which becomes resistant to extinction and contributes to high rate of relapse. Those memories may undergo a process called reconsolidation that in some cases can be disrupted by pharmacological treatment. The basolateral amygdala (BLA) has been shown to mediate the reconsolidation of drug-related appetitive memory, but its role in withdrawal-related aversive memory remains elusive. The present study used conditioned place preference (CPP) and conditioned place aversion (CPA) paradigms to investigate the role of BLA and its noradrenergic receptors in reconsolidation of morphine-associated emotional memory in rats. We found that inhibition of protein synthesis in BLA disrupted the reconsolidation of morphine CPP (m-CPP) and CPA related to morphine withdrawal (m-CPA). A high dose of the β-noradrenergic receptor antagonist propranolol (3 µg) in BLA-impaired reconsolidation of m-CPA but not m-CPP, whereas a low dose (0.3 µg) was ineffective. In contrast, neither low nor high doses of the α-noradrenergic receptor antagonist phentolamine (1 or 10 µg) blocked the reconsolidation of m-CPP and m-CPA. In addition, infusion of propranolol (3 µg) into nucleus accumbens after retrieval of either m-CPP or m-CPA did not affect its reconsolidation. The findings indicate that appetitive and aversive addictive memories share common neural substrates in BLA, but the specific neurotransmitter mechanism on reconsolidation of morphine-associated negative and positive memories can be dissociable.