Sickle Cell Disease and Other Causes of Anemia.

Sickle cell disease is a prevalent autosomal recessive hemoglobinopathy with significant maternal and neonatal risks during pregnancy. Pre-pregnancy management involves counseling, baseline health assessment, genetic testing, and medication review. During pregnancy, care focuses on folic acid supplementation, serial growth scans, antenatal testing, and tailored pain management for acute crises and chronic pain. Delivery planning and peri-partum considerations involve timing, mode, and pain control. A multidisciplinary approach is critical for optimizing outcomes.