The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2026
Classroom microbiome signatures of pest management associate with reduced asthma symptoms.
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Kim Minsik, Huang Ching-Ying, Sun Ye, Cunningham Amparito, Tisza Michael J, Gold Diane R, Koutrakis Petros, Phipatanakul Wanda, Lai Peggy S
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Integrated pest management (IPM) is thought to improve asthma symptoms through reduced mouse allergen exposure. Whether IPM acts through changes in mouse-associated microbes remains unknown.
OBJECTIVES: We examined the effects of school-based IPM on the classroom microbiome and sought to determine the association between intervention microbiome signatures and student asthma morbidity.
METHODS: In this ancillary study based on a randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial of school IPM and classroom high-efficiency air purifiers (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02291302), we performed deep metagenomics sequencing of longitudinally collected dust samples from 208 classrooms in 41 schools of 236 children with active, physician-diagnosed asthma with prospective follow-up of asthma severity during the school year. We assessed the effect of the interventions on classroom microbial communities in intention-to-treat analyses. Sparse partial least squares models were used to identify microbial signatures of the interventions, and the association between these microbial signatures and asthma morbidity was assessed by mixed-effects models, controlling for covariates including mouse allergen exposure.
RESULTS: IPM significantly altered classroom bacterial and phage community structure and increased bacterial, archaeal, and fungal diversity. A classroom microbiome signature of IPM was identified (area under the curve = 0.84) and was associated with lower odds of any asthma symptom days in the past 2 weeks (odds ratio = 0.47; 95% confidence interval, 0.22, 0.97; P = .043) and lower Composite Asthma Severity Index (β = -0.92; 95% confidence interval, -1.51, -0.33; P = .002), adjusting for mouse allergen levels and student characteristics.
CONCLUSION: IPM-associated changes in the classroom microbiome are associated with lower asthma morbidity independent of mouse allergen exposure.
OBJECTIVES: We examined the effects of school-based IPM on the classroom microbiome and sought to determine the association between intervention microbiome signatures and student asthma morbidity.
METHODS: In this ancillary study based on a randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial of school IPM and classroom high-efficiency air purifiers (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02291302), we performed deep metagenomics sequencing of longitudinally collected dust samples from 208 classrooms in 41 schools of 236 children with active, physician-diagnosed asthma with prospective follow-up of asthma severity during the school year. We assessed the effect of the interventions on classroom microbial communities in intention-to-treat analyses. Sparse partial least squares models were used to identify microbial signatures of the interventions, and the association between these microbial signatures and asthma morbidity was assessed by mixed-effects models, controlling for covariates including mouse allergen exposure.
RESULTS: IPM significantly altered classroom bacterial and phage community structure and increased bacterial, archaeal, and fungal diversity. A classroom microbiome signature of IPM was identified (area under the curve = 0.84) and was associated with lower odds of any asthma symptom days in the past 2 weeks (odds ratio = 0.47; 95% confidence interval, 0.22, 0.97; P = .043) and lower Composite Asthma Severity Index (β = -0.92; 95% confidence interval, -1.51, -0.33; P = .002), adjusting for mouse allergen levels and student characteristics.
CONCLUSION: IPM-associated changes in the classroom microbiome are associated with lower asthma morbidity independent of mouse allergen exposure.