The Journal of nutrition · 2026
Associations of Healthy Dietary Patterns with Plasma Biomarkers of Inflammation and Coagulation in Adults with and without Type 1 Diabetes.
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Basu Arpita, Richardson Leigh Ann, Izuora Kenneth, Alman Amy C, Snell-Bergeon Janet K
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) poses a higher risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) compared with individuals without diabetes. Circulating homocysteine (Hcy), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), fibrinogen, and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) have been positively associated with CVD. Not much is known about how dietary patterns are associated with these biomarkers.
OBJECTIVES: This study aims to examine longitudinal associations of healthy dietary patterns with plasma Hcy, hs-CRP, fibrinogen, and PAI-1 in adults with and without T1D.
METHODS: We used data from the "Coronary Artery Calcification in Type 1 Diabetes" study over a 3-y follow-up period. Dietary data obtained from food frequency questionnaires were used to calculate scores for adherence to the Alternate Healthy Eating Index-2010, the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), and the Mediterranean-Style Dietary Pattern Score (MSDPS) at each visit. Mixed-effect models were used to examine longitudinal associations with plasma biomarkers in models adjusted for age, sex, diabetes status (combined analyses only), calories, visit, BMI, systolic blood pressure, lipids, smoking status, and physical activity. Plasma biomarkers were log-transformed. Therefore, for every 1-point increase in the specified dietary pattern score, there is a percentage change (%change) in the specified plasma biomarker.
RESULTS: A total of 563 T1D and 692 adults without diabetes were included in the current analysis. Hcy decreased by -0.56% [95% confidence interval (CI): -1.01%, -0.12%] in the T1D group and -0.54% (95% CI: -0.83%, -0.24%) in the nondiabetes group for every 1-point increase in the DASH diet. Hcy had a significant inverse association with every 1-point increase in the MSDPS and AHEI-2010 scores in T1D and nondiabetes groups, respectively. A 1-point increase in the DASH diet was inversely associated with PAI-1 in the nondiabetes group [%change: -1.31% (-2.18%, -0.43%)] and in the T1D group [%change: -0.99% (-2.19%, -0.22%)].
CONCLUSIONS: All 3 dietary patterns revealed significant inverse associations with Hcy, but the associations varied based on diabetes status. The DASH score was associated with lower levels of Hcy and PAI-1 when adjusted for relevant covariates.
OBJECTIVES: This study aims to examine longitudinal associations of healthy dietary patterns with plasma Hcy, hs-CRP, fibrinogen, and PAI-1 in adults with and without T1D.
METHODS: We used data from the "Coronary Artery Calcification in Type 1 Diabetes" study over a 3-y follow-up period. Dietary data obtained from food frequency questionnaires were used to calculate scores for adherence to the Alternate Healthy Eating Index-2010, the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), and the Mediterranean-Style Dietary Pattern Score (MSDPS) at each visit. Mixed-effect models were used to examine longitudinal associations with plasma biomarkers in models adjusted for age, sex, diabetes status (combined analyses only), calories, visit, BMI, systolic blood pressure, lipids, smoking status, and physical activity. Plasma biomarkers were log-transformed. Therefore, for every 1-point increase in the specified dietary pattern score, there is a percentage change (%change) in the specified plasma biomarker.
RESULTS: A total of 563 T1D and 692 adults without diabetes were included in the current analysis. Hcy decreased by -0.56% [95% confidence interval (CI): -1.01%, -0.12%] in the T1D group and -0.54% (95% CI: -0.83%, -0.24%) in the nondiabetes group for every 1-point increase in the DASH diet. Hcy had a significant inverse association with every 1-point increase in the MSDPS and AHEI-2010 scores in T1D and nondiabetes groups, respectively. A 1-point increase in the DASH diet was inversely associated with PAI-1 in the nondiabetes group [%change: -1.31% (-2.18%, -0.43%)] and in the T1D group [%change: -0.99% (-2.19%, -0.22%)].
CONCLUSIONS: All 3 dietary patterns revealed significant inverse associations with Hcy, but the associations varied based on diabetes status. The DASH score was associated with lower levels of Hcy and PAI-1 when adjusted for relevant covariates.