Gingival enlargements: Review of concepts in the context of evolving terminology and implications in clinical dentistry.

BACKGROUND

The terminology used to describe gingival enlargements (GEs) has changed considerably over the past several years. The definitions based on histology, morphology, and other characteristics have become obsolete, and the accepted terminology is gingival enlargement. The authors aim was to explore the clinical importance of GEs.

TYPES OF STUDIES REVIEWED: The authors searched electronic databases (ie, PubMed, Ovid, Embase, Web of Science, and Google Scholar) for studies that were focused on GEs and their previous synonyms and published from January 1, 1950, through January 31, 2025.

RESULTS

The authors found articles in which researchers elucidated the etiologic, pathophysiologic, and histologic aspects of GEs. They also discovered some consensus on the management of these conditions.

CONCLUSIONS

The term gingival enlargement is the most accepted terminology and appears to be the most correct scientifically. Identifying the etiologic factor for GEs is crucial. Management of GEs varies from rigorous plaque control to surgical modalities.

PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: Knowledge about the various contributing factors, clinical manifestations, histologic appearances, and differences in management strategies is important. Prompt diagnosis and referral of these entities is paramount for the overall improvement of oral and general health.