An adult HIV patient with unilateral Moyamoya syndrome.

Moyamoya disease is a rare idiopathic neurological disorder due to occlusion of the circle of Willis. "Moyamoya syndrome", a radiographic picture resembling Moyamoya disease, is associated with systemic diseases. Only two cases of moyamoya syndrome in adults with advanced HIV disease and a single case in a child have been reported until now. We describe a case of unilateral Moyamoya syndrome in a patient with well-controlled HIV infection.