Epigenetics in B-CLL.

B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) is the most common hematological malignancy in adults. Its clinical course is heterogeneous, ranging from indolent forms with slow progression to aggressive variants refractory to conventional treatment. In recent years, it has been shown that epigenetic alterations, such as DNA methylation, histone modifications, and regulation by noncoding RNAs, especially microRNAs (miRNAs), play a central role in the prognosis of this disease. For this reason, the analysis of epigenetic mechanisms has become an essential approach both to understand the progression of B-CLL and to predict therapeutic response and patient survival.